॥ Verse 6.1 ॥
श्रीभगवानुवाच।
अनाश्रितः कर्मफलं कार्यं कर्म करोति यः।
स सन्न्यासी च योगी च न निरग्निर्न चाक्रियः।।
śrī-bhagavānuvāca |
anāśritaḥ karmaphalaṃ kāryaṃ karma karoti yaḥ |
sa sannyāsī ca yogī ca na niragnirna cākriyaḥ || 6.1 ||
The Supreme Lord said: He who performs the prescribed duty without depending on the fruits of actions,
is a Sannyasi (renunciant) and a Yogi, not he who does not light the sacred fire or one who does not act.
॥ Verse 6.2 ॥
यं सन्न्यासमिति प्राहुर्योगं तं विद्धि पाण्डव।
न ह्यसन्न्यस्तसङ्कल्पो योगी भवति कश्चन।।
yaṃ sannyāsamiti prāhuryogaṃ taṃ viddhi pāṇḍava |
na hyasannyastasaṅkalpo yogī bhavati kaścana || 6.2 ||
What they call renunciation (Sannyāsa), know that to be Yoga (Karma Yoga), O son of Pandu (Arjuna).
For no one becomes a Yogi who has not renounced the intention (for selfish results).
॥ Verse 6.3 ॥
आरुरुक्षोर्मुनेर्योगं कर्म कारणमुच्यते।
योगारूढस्य तस्यैव शमः कारणमुच्यते।।
ārurukṣormuneryogaṃ karma kāraṇamucyate |
yogārūḍhasya tasyaiva śamaḥ kāraṇamucyate || 6.3 ||
For a sage who wishes to ascend to Yoga (meditation), action is said to be the means.
For the same person who has attained Yoga (perfection), tranquility is said to be the means.
॥ Verse 6.4 ॥
यदा हि नेन्द्रियार्थेषु न कर्मस्वनुषज्जते।
सर्वसङ्कल्पसन्न्यासी योगारूढस्तदोच्यते।।
yadā hi nendriyārtheṣu na karmasvanuṣajjate |
sarvasaṅkalpasannyāsī yogārūḍhastadocyate || 6.4 ||
When a man is not attached to sense objects or to actions,
having renounced all intentions (for fruits), then he is said to have ascended to Yoga.
॥ Verse 6.5 ॥
उद्धरेदात्मनात्मानं नात्मानमवसादयेत्।
आत्मैव ह्यात्मनो बन्धुरात्मैव रिपुरात्मनः।।
uddharedātmanātmānaṃ nātmānamavasādayet |
ātmaiva hyātmano bandhurātmaiva ripurātmanaḥ || 6.5 ||
One must elevate the self by the self, and not degrade the self.
For the self alone is the friend of the self, and the self alone is the enemy of the self.
॥ Verse 6.6 ॥
बन्धुरात्मात्मनस्तस्य येनात्मैवात्मना जितः।
अनात्मनस्तु शत्रुत्वे वर्तेतात्मैव शत्रुवत्।।
bandhurātmātmanastasya yenātmaivātmanā jitaḥ |
anātmanastu śatrutve vartetātmaiva śatruvat || 6.6 ||
The self is the friend of that person by whom the self has been conquered by the self.
But for the uncontrolled self, the self acts as an enemy, like an external foe.
॥ Verse 6.7 ॥
जितात्मनः प्रशान्तस्य परमात्मा समाहितः।
शीतोष्णसुखदुःखेषु तथा मानापमानयोः।।
jitātmanaḥ praśāntasya paramātmā samāhitaḥ |
śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkheṣu tathā mānāpamānayoḥ || 6.7 ||
The supreme Self (Paramātmā) of one who has conquered the self and attained tranquility
is completely stable in cold and heat, happiness and distress, as well as honor and dishonor.
॥ Verse 6.8 ॥
ज्ञानविज्ञानतृप्तात्मा कूटस्थो विजितेन्द्रियः।
युक्त इत्युच्यते योगी समलोष्टाश्मकाञ्चनः।।
jñānavijñānatṛptātmā kūṭastho vijitendriyaḥ |
yukta ityucyate yogī loṣṭrāśmakāñcanaḥ || 6.8 ||
The Yogi whose self is satisfied with knowledge and realization, who is unwavering and has conquered the senses,
is said to be united (Yuktah). To him, a lump of earth, a stone, and gold are equal.
॥ Verse 6.9 ॥
सुहृन्मित्रार्युदासीनमध्यस्थद्वेष्यबन्धुषु।
साधुष्वपि च पापेषु समबुद्धिर्विशिष्यते।।
suhṛnmitrāryudāsīnamadhyasthadveṣyabandhuṣu |
sādhuṣvapi ca pāpeṣu samabuddhirviśiṣyate || 6.9 ||
He excels who is of the same mind towards well-wishers, friends, foes, neutrals, arbiters, haters, and relatives,
as well as to the virtuous and the sinful.
॥ Verse 6.10 ॥
योगी युञ्जीत सततमात्मानं रहसि स्थितः।
एकाकी यतचित्तात्मा निराशीरपरिग्रहः।।
yogī yuñjīta satatamātmānaṃ rahasi sthitaḥ |
ekākī yatacittātmā nirāśīraparigrahaḥ || 6.10 ||
The Yogi should constantly focus his mind (on the Self), remaining in a solitary place,
alone, with a controlled mind and body, free from desires, and without possessions.
॥ Verse 6.11 ॥
शुचौ देशे प्रतिष्ठाप्य स्थिरमासनमात्मनः।
नात्युच्छ्रितं नातिनीचं चैलाजिनकुशोत्तरम्।।
śucau deśe pratiṣṭhāpya sthiramāsanamātmanaḥ |
nātyucchritaṃ nātinīcaṃ cailājinakuśottaram || 6.11 ||
In a clean place, establishing a firm seat for himself, neither too high nor too low,
covered with a cloth, deerskin, and Kuśa grass.
॥ Verse 6.12 ॥
तत्रैकाग्रं मनः कृत्वा यतचित्तेन्द्रियक्रियः।
उपविश्यासने युञ्ज्याद्योगमात्मविशुद्धये।।
tatraikāgraṃ manaḥ kṛtvā yatacittendriyakriyaḥ |
upaviśyāsane yuñjyādyogamātmaviśuddhaye || 6.12 ||
Sitting there on the seat, making the mind one-pointed, with senses and activities controlled,
he should practice Yoga for the purification of the Self.
॥ Verse 6.13 ॥
समं कायशिरोग्रीवं धारयन्नचलं स्थिरः।
सम्प्रेक्ष्य नासिकाग्रं स्वं दिशश्चानवलोकयन्।।
samaṃ kāyaśirogrīvaṃ dhārayannacalaṃ sthiraḥ |
samprekṣya nāsikāgraṃ svaṃ diśaścānavalokayan || 6.13 ||
Holding the body, head, and neck erect and motionless, steady,
gazing at the tip of his nose, and not looking around in any direction.
॥ Verse 6.14 ॥
प्रशान्तात्मा विगतभीर्ब्रह्मचारिव्रते स्थितः।
मनः संयम्य मच्चित्तो युक्त आसीत मत्परः।।
praśāntātmā vigatabhīrbramhacārivrate sthitaḥ |
manaḥ saṃyamya maccitto yukto āsīta matparaḥ || 6.14 ||
With a peaceful mind, free from fear, firm in the vow of celibacy (Brahmacharya),
controlling the mind, fixing the thought on Me, he should sit, devoted to Me.
॥ Verse 6.15 ॥
युञ्जन्नेवं सदात्मानं योगी नियतमानसः।
शान्तिं निर्वाणपरमां मत्संस्थामधिगच्छति।।
yuñjannevaṃ sadātmānaṃ yogī niyatamānasaḥ |
śāntiṃ nirvāṇaparamāṃ madsansthāmadhigacchati || 6.15 ||
Constantly keeping the mind thus absorbed, the Yogi with a controlled mind
attains peace, the supreme state of Nirvana (liberation), which abides in Me.
॥ Verse 6.16 ॥
नात्यश्नतस्तु योगोऽस्ति न चैकान्तमनश्नतः।
न चाति स्वप्नशीलस्य जाग्रतो नैव चार्जुन।।
nātyaśnatastu yogo’sti na caikāntamanaśnataḥ |
na cāti svapnaśīlasya jāgrato naiva cārjuna || 6.16 ||
Verily, Yoga is not for him who eats too much or who does not eat at all,
nor for him who sleeps too much, nor for him who is awake constantly, O Arjuna.
॥ Verse 6.17 ॥
युक्ताहारविहारस्य युक्तचेष्टस्य कर्मसु।
युक्तस्वप्नावबोधस्य योगो भवति দুঃখहा।।
yuktāhāravihārasya yuktaceṣṭasya karmasu |
yuktasvapnāvabodhasya yogo bhavati duḥkhahā || 6.17 ||
Yoga becomes the destroyer of sorrow for him who is moderate in eating and recreation,
moderate in exertion in activities, and moderate in sleep and waking.
॥ Verse 6.18 ॥
यदा विनियतं चित्तमात्मन्येवावतिष्ठते।
निःस्पृहः सर्वकामेभ्यो युक्त इत्युच्यते तदा।।
yadā viniyataṃ cittamātmanyevāvatiṣṭhate |
niḥspṛhaḥ sarvakāmebhyo yukta ityucyate tadā || 6.18 ||
When the perfectly disciplined mind rests in the Self alone,
free from desire for all enjoyments, then he is said to be united (in Yoga).
॥ Verse 6.19 ॥
यथा दीपो निवातस्थो नेङ्गते सोपमा स्मृता।
योगिनो यतचित्तस्य युञ्जतो योगमात्मनः।।
yathā dīpo nivātastho neṅgate sopamā smṛtā |
yogino yatacittasya yuñjato yogamātmanaḥ || 6.19 ||
As a lamp in a windless place does not flicker—that is the simile used
for a Yogi whose mind is controlled and who practices Yoga of the Self.
॥ Verse 6.20 ॥
यत्रोपरमते चित्तं निरुद्धं योगसेवया।
यत्र चैवात्मनात्मानं पश्यन्नात्मनि तुष्यति।।
yatroparamate cittaṃ niruddhaṃ yogasevayā |
yatra caivātmanātmānaṃ paśyannātmani tuṣyati || 6.20 ||
When the mind, restrained by the practice of Yoga, attains quietude,
and when, seeing the Self by the self, he is satisfied in the Self,
॥ Verse 6.21 ॥
सुखमात्यन्तिकं यत्तद् बुद्धिग्राह्यमतीन्द्रियम्।
वेत्ति यत्र न चैवायं स्थितश्चलति तत्त्वतः।।
sukhamātyantikaṃ yattadbuddhigrāhyamatīndriyam |
vetti yatra na caivāyaṃ sthitaścalati tattvataḥ || 6.21 ||
When he experiences that ultimate happiness which is attained by the intellect and is beyond the senses,
and established in which, he never departs from the truth.
॥ Verse 6.22 ॥
यं लब्ध्वा चापरं लाभं मन्यते नाधिकं ततः।
यस्मिन्स्थितो न दुःखेन गुरुणापि विचाल्यते।।
yaṃ labdhvā cāparaṃ lābhaṃ manyate nādhikaṃ tataḥ |
yasminsthito na duḥkhena guruṇāpi vicālyate || 6.22 ||
Having obtained which, he considers no other gain greater than that,
and established in which, he is not shaken even by the heaviest of miseries.
॥ Verse 6.23 ॥
तं विद्याद् दुःखसंयोगवियोगं योगसञ्ज्ञितम्।
स निश्चयेन योक्तव्यो योगोऽनिर्विण्णचेतसा।।
taṃ vidyād duḥkhasaṃyogaviyogaṃ yogasaṅjñitam |
sa niścayena yoktavyo yogo’nirviṇṇacetasā || 6.23 ||
Let that be known as Yoga, the severance of connection with sorrow.
This Yoga must be practiced with determination and an undaunted mind.
॥ Verse 6.24 ॥
सङ्कल्पप्रभवान्कामांस्त्यक्त्वा सर्वानशेषतः।
मनसैव इन्द्रियग्रामं विनियम्य समन्ततः।।
saṅkalpaprabhavānkāmāṃstyaktvā sarvānaśeṣataḥ |
manasaivendriyagrāmaṃ viniyamya samantataḥ || 6.24 ||
Completely abandoning all desires born of selfish intentions, without exception,
and restraining the senses from all sides by the mind alone.
॥ Verse 6.25 ॥
शनैः शनैरुपरमेद् बुद्ध्या धृतिगृहीतया।
आत्मसंस्थं मनः कृत्वा न किञ्चिदपि चिन्तयेत्।।
śanaiḥ śanairuparamedbuddhyā dhṛtigṛhītayā |
ātmasaṃsthaṃ manaḥ kṛtvā na kiñcidapi cintayet || 6.25 ||
Let him gradually achieve quietude by the intellect held firm by patience.
Making the mind fixed in the Self, let him not think of anything else.
॥ Verse 6.26 ॥
यतो यतो निश्चरति मनश्चञ्चलमस्थिरम्।
ततस्ततो नियम्यैतदात्मन्येव वशं नयेत्।।
yato yato niścarati manaścañcalamasthiram |
tatastato niyamyaitadātmanyeva vaśaṃ nayet || 6.26 ||
Whenever the wavering and unsteady mind wanders away,
let him restrain it from those objects and bring it back under the control of the Self alone.
॥ Verse 6.27 ॥
प्रशान्तमनसं ह्येनं योगिनं सुखमुत्तमम्।
उपैति शान्तरजसं ब्रह्मभूतमकल्मषम्।।
praśāntamanasaṃ hyenaṃ yoginaṃ sukhamuttamam |
upaiti śāntarajasaṃ brahmabhūtamakalmaṣam || 6.27 ||
Supreme happiness comes to the Yogi whose mind is peaceful, whose passions are subdued,
who is sinless, and who has become one with Brahman.
॥ Verse 6.28 ॥
युञ्जन्नेवं सदात्मानं योगी विगतकल्मषः।
सुखेन ब्रह्मसंस्पर्शमत्यन्तं सुखमश्नुते।।
yuñjannevaṃ sadātmānaṃ yogī vigatakalmaṣaḥ |
sukhena brahmasaṃsparśamatyantaṃ sukhamaśnute || 6.28 ||
Constantly keeping the self engaged in Yoga, the Yogi, freed from sin,
easily enjoys the infinite happiness of contact with Brahman.
॥ Verse 6.29 ॥
सर्वभूतस्थमात्मानं सर्वभूतानि चात्मनि।
ईक्षते योगयुक्तात्मा सर्वत्र समदर्शनः।।
sarvabhūtasthamātmānaṃ sarvabhūtāni cātmani |
īkṣate yogayuktātmā sarvatra samadarśanaḥ || 6.29 ||
He whose mind is united by Yoga sees the Self abiding in all beings,
and all beings in the Self, seeing the same everywhere.
॥ Verse 6.30 ॥
यो मां पश्यति सर्वत्र सर्वं च मयि पश्यति।
तस्याहं न प्रणश्यामि स च मे न प्रणश्यति।।
yo māṃ paśyati sarvatra sarvaṃ ca mayi paśyati |
tasyāhaṃ na praṇaśyāmi sa ca me na praṇaśyati || 6.30 ||
He who sees Me everywhere, and sees everything in Me,
I am not lost to him, nor is he lost to Me.
॥ Verse 6.31 ॥
सर्वभूतस्थितं यो मां भजत्येकत्वमास्थितः।
सर्वथा वर्तमानोऽपि स योगी मयि वर्तते।।
sarvabhūtasthitaṃ yo māṃ bhajatyekatvamāsthitaḥ |
sarvathā vartamāno’pi sa yogī mayi vartate || 6.31 ||
That Yogi who, established in oneness, worships Me dwelling in all beings,
lives in Me, whatever his mode of life.
॥ Verse 6.32 ॥
आत्मौपम्येन सर्वत्र समं पश्यति योऽर्जुन।
सुखं वा यदि वा दुःखं स योगी परमो मतः।।
ātmaupamyena sarvatra samaṃ paśyati yo’rjuna |
sukhaṃ vā yadi vā duḥkhaṃ sa yogī paramo mataḥ || 6.32 ||
He is considered the supreme Yogi, O Arjuna, who sees equality everywhere,
by comparison with his own self, whether in happiness or in misery.
॥ Verse 6.33 ॥
अर्जुन उवाच।
योऽयं योगस्त्वया प्रोक्तः साम्येन मधुसूदन।
एतस्याहं न पश्यामि चञ्चलत्वात्स्थितिं स्थिराम्।।
arjuna uvāca |
yo’yaṃ yogastvayā proktaḥ sāmyena madhusūdana |
etasyāhaṃ na paśyāmi cañcalatvātsthitiṃ sthirām || 6.33 ||
Arjuna said: O Madhusūdana (Krishna), this Yoga of equanimity which You have declared,
I do not see its steady continuance, due to the mind's restlessness.
॥ Verse 6.34 ॥
चञ्चलं हि मनः कृष्ण प्रमाथि बलवद्दृढम्।
तस्याहं निग्रहं मन्ये वायोरिव सुदुष्करम्।।
cañcalaṃ hi manaḥ kṛṣṇa pramāthi balavad dṛḍham |
tasyāhaṃ nigrahaṃ manye vāyoriva suduṣkaram || 6.34 ||
For the mind is verily restless, O Krishna, turbulent, strong, and obstinate.
I consider controlling it to be as difficult as controlling the wind.
॥ Verse 6.35 ॥
श्रीभगवानुवाच।
असंशयं महाबाहो मनो दुर्निग्रहं चलम्।
अभ्यासेन तु कौन्तेय वैराग्येण च गृह्यते।।
śrī-bhagavānuvāca |
asaṃśayaṃ mahābāho mano durnigrahaṃ calam |
abhyāsena tu kaunteya vairāgyeṇa ca gṛhyate || 6.35 ||
The Supreme Lord said: Undoubtedly, O mighty-armed (Arjuna), the mind is restless and difficult to curb.
But, O son of Kunti (Arjuna), it is brought under control by practice (Abhyāsa) and dispassion (Vairāgya).
॥ Verse 6.36 ॥
असंयतात्मना योगो दुष्प्राप इति मे मतिः।
वश्यात्मना तु यतता शक्योऽवाप्तुमुपायतः।।
asaṃyatātmanā yogo duṣprāpa iti me matiḥ |
vaśyātmanā tu yatatā śakyo’vāptumupāyataḥ || 6.36 ||
Yoga is hard to attain for one who is uncontrolled—that is My opinion.
But by one who is self-controlled and strives, it can be attained by proper means.
॥ Verse 6.37 ॥
अर्जुन उवाच।
अयतिः श्रद्धयोपेतो योगाच्चलितमानसः।
अप्राप्य योगसंसिद्धिं कां गतिं कृष्ण गच्छति।।
arjuna uvāca |
ayatiḥ śraddhayopeto yogāccalitamānasaḥ |
aprāpya yogasaṃsiddhiṃ kāṃ gatiṃ kṛṣṇa gacchati || 6.37 ||
Arjuna said: O Krishna, what is the fate of the man who, though possessed of faith,
is not striving and whose mind wanders away from Yoga, thus failing to attain perfection in Yoga?
॥ Verse 6.38 ॥
कच्चिन्नोभयविभ्रष्टश्छिन्नाभ्रमिव नश्यति।
अप्रतिष्ठो महाबाहो विमूढो ब्रह्मणः पथि।।
kaccinnobhayavibhraṣṭaśchinnābhramiva naśyati |
apratiṣṭho mahābāho vimūḍho brahmaṇaḥ pathi || 6.38 ||
Does he not perish, having strayed from both (paths), like a scattered cloud,
O mighty-armed (Arjuna), without foundation, deluded on the path to Brahman?
॥ Verse 6.39 ॥
एतन्मे संशयं कृष्ण छेत्तुमर्हस्यशेषतः।
त्वदन्यः संशयस्यास्य छेत्ता न ह्युपपद्यते।।
etanme saṃśayaṃ kṛṣṇa chettumarhasyaśeṣataḥ |
tvadanyaḥ saṃśayasyāsya chettā na hyupapadyate || 6.39 ||
You ought to completely remove this doubt of mine, O Krishna.
For no one other than You can be the remover of this doubt.
॥ Verse 6.40 ॥
श्रीभगवानुवाच।
पार्थ नैवेह नामुत्र विनाशस्तस्य विद्यते।
न हि कल्याणकृत्कश्चिद् दुर्गतिं तात गच्छति।।
śrī-bhagavānuvāca |
pārtha naiveha nāmutra vināśastasya vidyate |
na hi kalyāṇakṛtkaścid durgatiṃ tāta gacchati || 6.40 ||
The Supreme Lord said: O Pārtha (Arjuna), neither in this world nor in the next is there destruction for him.
For no one who does good, O dear one, ever meets with an evil destiny.
॥ Verse 6.41 ॥
प्राप्य पुण्यकृतां लोकानुषित्वा शाश्वतीः समाः।
शुचीनां श्रीमतां गेहे योगभ्रष्टोऽभिजायते।।
prāpya puṇyakṛtāṃ lokānuṣitvā śāśvatīḥ samāḥ |
śucīnāṃ śrīmatāṃ gehe yogabhraṣṭo’bhijāyate || 6.41 ||
Having attained the worlds of the righteous and dwelt there for countless years,
the one fallen from Yoga is born in the house of the pure and prosperous.
॥ Verse 6.42 ॥
अथवा योगिनामेव कुले भवति धीमताम्।
एतद्धि दुर्लभतरं लोके जन्म यदीदृशम्।।
atha vā yogināmeva kule bhavati dhīmatām |
etaddhi durlabhataraṃ loke janma yadīdṛśam || 6.42 ||
Or he may even be born in the family of Yogis who are endowed with wisdom.
Indeed, such a birth is very difficult to obtain in this world.
॥ Verse 6.43 ॥
तत्र तं बुद्धिसंयोगं लभते पौर्वदेहिकम्।
यतते च ततो भूयः संसिद्धौ कुरुनन्दन।।
tatra taṃ buddhisamyogaṃ labhate paūrvadehikam |
yatate ca tato bhūyaḥ saṃsiddhau kurunandana || 6.43 ||
There he regains the intellectual connection of his former body.
And from there, he strives again more vigorously for perfection, O delight of the Kurus (Arjuna).
॥ Verse 6.44 ॥
पूर्वाभ्यासेन तेनैव ह्रियते ह्यवशोऽपि सः।
जिज्ञासुरपि योगस्य शब्दब्रह्मातिवर्तते।।
pūrvābhyāsena tenaiva hriyate hyavaśo’pi saḥ |
jijñāsurapi yogasya śabdabrahmativartate || 6.44 ||
By that very previous practice, he is carried forward even against his will.
Even a seeker of Yoga goes beyond the ritualistic injunctions of the Vedas (Śabda Brahman).
॥ Verse 6.45 ॥
प्रयत्नाद्यतमानस्तु योगी संशुद्धकिल्बिषः।
अनेकजन्मसंसिद्धस्ततो याति परां गतिम्।।
prayatnādyatamānastu yogī saṃśuddhakilbiṣaḥ |
anekajanmasamsiddhastato yāti parāṃ gatim || 6.45 ||
But the Yogi who strives earnestly, purified of sins,
perfected through many births, attains the supreme goal.
॥ Verse 6.46 ॥
तपस्विभ्योऽधिको योगी ज्ञानिभ्योऽपि मतोऽधिकः।
कर्मिभ्यश्चाधिको योगी तस्माद्योगी भवार्जुन।।
tapasvibhyo’dhiko yogī jñānibhyo’pi mato’dhikaḥ |
karmibhyaścādhiko yogī tasmādyogī bhavārjuna || 6.46 ||
A Yogi is superior to the ascetics, and he is considered superior even to the men of knowledge (Jñānis) or to men of action (Karmis).
Therefore, be a Yogi, O Arjuna.
॥ Verse 6.47 ॥
योगिनामपि सर्वेषां मद्गतेनान्तरात्मना।
श्रद्धावान्भजते यो मां स मे युक्ततमो मतः।।
yogināmapi sarveṣāṃ madgatenāntarātmanā |
śraddhāvānbhajate yo māṃ sa me yuktatamo mataḥ || 6.47 ||
And among all Yogis, he who worships Me with faith, with his inner self merged in Me,
is considered by Me to be the most perfectly united (Yuktamaḥ).
॥ इति श्रीमद्भगवद्गीतासूपनिषत्सु ब्रह्मविद्यायां योगशास्त्रे श्रीकृष्णार्जुनसंवादे ध्यानयोगो नाम षष्ठोऽध्यायः ॥
Thus, in the Upaniṣads of the glorious Bhagavad-Gītā, the science of the Eternal, the scripture of Yoga,
the dialogue between Śrī Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna, ends the sixth chapter, entitled Dhyāna Yoga.